15. That way, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was someone there to 16.deal with the issue immediately.

= In that case, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was  

   Someone there to deal with the issue immediately.

17.I pushed the door open and saw a young boy, about five years old, lying in his dad’s arms, hooked up to more medical equipment than I had ever seen.

我推开房门，只见一个5岁上下的小男孩躺在他爸爸的怀里，身上连着的医疗仪器之多是我平生未曾见到过的。

这句中lying in his dad’s arms和 hooked up to more medical equipment than I had ever seen分别为现在分词结构和过去分词结构，作宾语a young boy…的补语。

用现在分词结构，表示的是主动状态；用过去分词结构，则表示被动状态。

18.on one’s way home: in the process of going home 在回家的路上

I’ll buy some bread on my way home. 我要在回家的路上买些面包。

19.hook up: connect or fit together   连接；安装

Can we hook up to the electricity at the campsite?

我们能在露营区接上电吗？

20.tend to: take care of; look after    照料；照顾；照管

I was very sick that morning and he had to tend to me.

那天早上我病得很厉害，他只得照料我。

21.So I told Billy I could not do that right now, but I suggested that he and I color a picture.

因此我告诉比利我此刻不能抱他，但提议和他一起给一幅图画着色。

suggest, demand, advise, request, order, propose 等动词后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，即宾语从句中的谓语用should加原形动词（should 可省略）

22.run through: pass quickly through（想法等）闪过

A feeling of despair ran through him.

他感到一阵绝望。

An idea ran through my mind.

我脑子里闪过一个念头。

23. Ponder: vt. Think about (sth.) carefully and for a long time, esp. in trying to reach a decision; consider仔细思索，考虑

24. Tear apart: break (sth.) into many small pieces, esp. in a violent way; make

 (sb.) feel extremely unhappy or upset（尤指用力）撕开，撕碎；使（某人）难受，使心烦意乱，使心碎

UNIT 6

Grammar Review

I.被动语态 (The Passive Voice)

        语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。

II.被动语态的用法

1.把SVO（主动宾）句型的主动句转换成被动句，原句中的宾语作被动句的主语。

People consume over 40,000,000 cases of tomato juice. → Over 40,000,000 cases of tomato juice are consumed.

人们消费的番茄汁超过了4 000万箱。

The message was passed from person to person until it reached the front of the bus.

消息从一个人传到另一个人，一直传到公共汽车的前部。

2.把SVoO（主动间宾直宾）的主动句转换成被动句，常用原句中的间接宾语作被动句中的主语。

They gave her a prize. → She was given a prize.

她被授奖。

Xiao Li was taught English by his brother.

小李的英语是他哥哥教的。

3.SVOC（主动宾宾补）句型转换为被动句时，原句中的宾语补语就成为主语补语。

Indians found the first tomatoes growing wild in Peru and Ecuador thousands of years ago. → The first tomatoes were found growing wild by Indians in Peru and Ecuador thousands of years ago.

最早的番茄是几千年前印第安人在秘鲁和厄瓜多尔发现的野生番茄。

The student was called Clever Hans.

学生名叫聪明的汉斯。

4.短语动词转换为被动态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。

They looked after the children well. →The children were well looked after.

孩子们受到悉心的照料。

The meeting has been put off till next week.

会议已被推迟到下周。

IIIPractical Writing

Personal Letters (1)

A personal letter is a letter that you write to someone you know, or  want to get to know. There are  different reasons for writing personal letters. Here are some examples. You may want to

give some personal news to someone;

thank someone for something;

ask someone to stay with you or go on holiday with you;

ask someone to do something for you;

offer to do something for someone.

Personal letters normally have five parts.

(1) The Heading. This includes the address, line by line, with the last line being the date. Skip a line after the heading. The heading is indented to the far right corner  of the page. If using preaddressed stationery, just add the date underneath. For example:

     123 Main St.

     West Newfield, CT 06123

     December 14, 2004

 (2) The Greeting/Salutation. The greeting always ends with a comma. The greeting may be formal, beginning with the word “dear” and using the person’s given name or relationship, or it may be informal if appropriate.

     Formal: Dear Uncle Jim, Dear Mr. Wilkins, My dearest Emmeline,

     Informal: Hi Joe, Greetings,

     (Occasionally very personal greetings may end with an exclamation mark for emphasis.)

(3) The Body. Also known as the main text. This includes the message you want to write. Normally, in a friendly letter, the beginning of paragraphs is indented. If not indented, be sure to skip a space between paragraphs. Skip a line after the greeting and before the close.(4) The Complimentary Close. Short expressions such  as “Love,” “Your friend” or “Yours sincerely ” are  always a few words on a single line. They end with a comma. They should be indented to the same distance as the heading. Skip one to three lines (two is usual) for the signature line.

(5) The Signature Line. Type or print your name. The handwritten signature goes above this line and below the close. The signature line and the handwritten signature are indented to the same distance as the close. The signature should be written in blue or black ink. If the letter is quite informal, you may omit the signature line as long as you sign the letter. (6) Postscript. If your letter contains a postscript, begin it with P.S. and end it with your initials. Skip a line after the signature line to begin the postscriptIV.Home